MYTH: Autism is a single,
well-defined category of disability.
FACT: Autism comprises a wide spectrum of disorders
and ranges from very severe to very mild.
MYTH: People living with autism spectrum disorders
are intellectually disabled and can't be involved in higher education
professions.
FACT: Autism spectrum disorders
include people from full range of intellectual capacity. Although a high
percentage do have intellectual disabilities, many with milder forms, such as
Asperger syndrome, are highly intelligent, earn graduate degrees, and are
successful professionals.
MYTH: All people living with autism are impaired in
some cognitive are highly intelligent or geniuses in other areas.
FACT: Only a few people with autism
have extraordinary skills. Called autistic
savants, these individuals are not geniuses in the traditional senses, but
they possess very highly developed splinter skills - skills that are in
isolation from functional skills.
MYTH: There is an autism epidemic that must be due to
something dangerous in our environment, such as toxin or virus.
FACT: The
number of diagnosed cases of autism has undoubtedly increased. Most authorities
assert that this can be accounted for by three things: a widening of criteria
used to diagnose autism, including the recognition of milder forms such as
Asperger syndrome; greater awareness and diagnosing people as autistic who
previously would have received a different diagnosis, e.g., intellectual disability
(mentally retarded).
MYTH: The
measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine causes autism.
FACT: The institute of Medicine of
the National Academies commissioned a review of available evidence and
concluded that the evidence favors rejection of causal relationship between MMR
vaccine and autism.
MYTH: Bad parenting, especially cold, non responsive
mothering ("refrigerator moms") can cause autism.
FACT: No
evidence indicates that bad parenting can cause autism. Furthermore, even if parent is relatively
unresponsive, this might be in reaction to the infant's low level of arousal or because of parental
stress regarding the child's abnormal behavior.
Source: Hallahan, D.P..,
Kauffman, J.M., & Pullen, P.C. (2012). Exceptional
learners: An introduction to special education. (Ed.12). Pearson.